田径项目包括哪些项目(趣味悦读_田径项目简介)

春风拂柳，燕回春暖，五月就处于这一年之中更好的时节，在这惬意舒适的季节里，运动起来，让生命的活力释放出来。不少学校已经在五一节前举办了运动会，今天就为大家介绍一些体育运动的基本知识——田径项目。

1. Track and field 田径

Athletics involves two types of sports. Track events are mostly running races on a track and field events involve jumping or throwing things. These take place on this grassy field.

田径包括两种运动。径赛项目通常是在跑道上进行的跑步比赛，而田赛项目包含跳或投掷。这些会在草地上举行。

2. Field events 田赛项目

Long jump 跳远

High jump 跳高

Javelin ['dʒævlin] 标枪

Shot put 铅球

Pole vault [vɔlt] 撑杆跳

Cages for discus ['diskəs] and hammer throwing 掷铁饼和链球的笼子

3. High jump 跳高

The high jump is all about who can jump the highest.跳高就是看谁跳得更高。

After each jump, the bar is raised so the athlete can try to jump higher. 每次跳完之后，杆会被升高，这样运动员就可以试着跳得更高。

4. Long jump 跳远

The long jump is all about who can jump the furthest. 跳远就是看谁跳得最远。

Each jump is measured from the launch pad to the nearest mark the athlete makes in the sand pit. 每一跳都要测量从起跳台到运动员在沙坑中留下的最近痕迹（之间的距离）。

Judges use high-tech equipment to measure the jump. 裁判用高科技设备来测量跳远（的距离）。

5. Pole vault 撑杆跳

Pole vaulters jump up and over a very high bar. 撑杆跳运动员跳起来越过一根很高的杆。

They use a springy metal pole to lift them into the air. They twist over the bar and land on a safety mat below. 他们用一根有弹力的金属杆把他们升到空中。他们翻过杆子然后落到下面的安全垫上。

Some pole-vaulters jump over 6m (20ft). That's higher than a giraffe. 一些撑杆跳运动员可以跳过6米（20英尺）。比一只长颈鹿还要高。

6. Four throwing events 四个投掷项目

There are four throwing events in athletics… 田径运动包含四个投掷项目……

Hammer (a metal ball on a wire) 链球（有链条的金属球）

Shot put (throwing a heavy iron ball) 铅球（投掷一个很重的铁球）

Discus (a metal disc) 铁饼（一个金属圆盘）

Javelin (a spear) 标枪（一支矛）

7. Sprint Start 蹲式起跑

To get a speedy start, athletes put their feet in 'starting blocks'… 为了快速起跑，运动员把他们的双脚放到起跑器上……

They wear light, tight shoes withspikes to help grip the track. 他们穿着轻而紧的钉鞋，帮助抓地。

Then they rise into a crouch and burst from the blocks. This is called a sprint start.然后他们起身蹲伏，然后从起跑器上冲出去。这叫做蹲式起跑。

8. Starting the race 开始比赛

Races are started by an official near to the starting line. 起跑线附近的裁判员宣布比赛开始。

"On your marks!"“各就各位！”

The official raises a 'starter pistol' (a gun with no bullets)… 裁判员举起发令枪（没有子弹的枪）……

"Get set."“预备。”

BANG! The shot signals the start of the race, and sets off the timer. 砰！枪声发出比赛开始的信号，并启动计时器。

9. Sprint 短跑

The speediest sprinters run 100m in less than 10 seconds. 最快的短跑选手可以在10秒钟以内跑完100米。

That's a lot faster than some animals那比一些动物快多了

but much slower than others.不过比另外一些动物慢多了。

10. Hurdle races 跨栏比赛

In hurdle races, athletes leap over raised bars (hurdles) along the track. 在跨栏比赛中，运动员们沿着跑道跃过竖起的横杆（栏）。

The steeplechase has a higher jump with water on the other side.障碍赛需要跳得更高，另一边有水。

A television camera slides along rails. 一台摄像机沿着轨道滑过。

11. Finish line 终点线

Sometimes it's hard to tell who won. 有时候很难看出谁赢了。

To help the judges, a high speed camera snaps runners as they cross the finish line. This is called a photo finish.

为了帮助裁判，一台高速摄像机拍下运动员跨过终点线的瞬间。这叫做终点摄影。

Scoreboards show the winning time. 'New WR' means the time is a new world record.计分板显示获胜的时间。‘New WR’的意思是这个时间是一个新的世界纪录。

12. Medals 奖牌

The winners get medals. 获胜者得到奖牌。

Gold medal is for first place, silver for second and bronze for third. 金牌给之一名，银牌给第二名，铜牌给第三名。

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